/* Function List: showDate Used to display the date in the form "Weekday, Month Day, Year" dayNumber Used to calculate the day number (1 - 366) of a given date showinfoDay Used to display a famous birthday falling on a given date */ var info = new Array(); info[1] = "J.D. Salinger (1919) - Author"; info[2] = "Isaac Asimov (1920) - Author"; info[3] = "Clement Attlee (1883) - 42 Prime Minister"; info[4] = "Floyd Patterson (1935) - Heavyweight boxer"; info[5] = "King Camp Gillette (1855) - Invented safety razor"; info[6] = "Mel Gibson (1956) - Actor"; info[7] = "Millard Fillmore (1800) - 13th US President"; info[8] = "Elvis Aaron Presley (1935) - King of rock 'n' roll"; info[9] = "Richard Nixon (1913) - 37th US President"; info[10] = "George Foreman (1949) - Heavyweight boxing champ"; info[11] = "Alexander Hamilton (1755) - American Founding Father"; info[12] = "Joe Frazier (1947) - Heavyweight boxing champ"; info[13] = "Orlando Bloom (1977) - Actor"; info[14] = "Benedict Arnold (1741) - American"; info[15] = "Martin Luther King (1929) - Civil-rights "; info[16] = "Andre Michelin (1853) - Inventor of rubber tires"; info[17] = "Muhammad Ali (1942) - Boxer Cassius Clay"; info[18] = "David D Kaminsky (1913) - Danny Kaye"; info[19] = "James Watt (1736) - Inventor of the steam engine"; info[20] = "Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin (1930) - Second man on Moon"; info[21] = "Telly Savalas (1924) - Actor"; info[22] = "Sam Cooke (1935) - Singer"; info[23] = "Princes Caroline (1957) - Royal of Monaco"; info[24] = "John Belushi (1949) - Actor"; info[25] = "Robert Burns (1759) - Scottish poet"; info[26] = "Paul Newman (1925) - Actor"; info[27] = "Amadeus Mozart (1756) - Composer"; info[28] = "Elijah Wood (1981) - Actor"; info[29] = "William McKinley (1843) - American President"; info[30] = "Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882) - American President"; info[31] = "Mario Lanza (1921) - Tenor singer"; info[32] = "Clark William Gable (1901) - Actor"; info[33] = "James Joyce (1882) - Author"; info[34] = "Gertrude Stein (1874) - Author"; info[35] = "Charles Lindbergh (1902) - Aviator"; info[36] = "John Boyd Dunlop (1840) - Inventor of the pneumatic tire"; info[37] = "Ronald Reagan (1911) - 40th US President"; info[38] = "Charles Dickens (1812) - Author"; info[39] = "James Dean (1931) - Actor"; info[40] = "Sandy Lyle (1958) - British golfer"; info[41] = "Harold Macmillan (1894) - 44th UK Prime Min"; info[42] = "Thomas Alva Edison (1847) - Inventor of the electric light bulb"; info[43] = "Abraham Lincoln (1809) - 16th US President"; info[44] = "George Segal (1934) - Actor"; info[45] = "Jimmy Hoffa (1913) - Union Leader"; info[46] = "Galileo Galilei (1564) - Italian astronomer"; info[47] = "John McEnroe (1959) - Tennis player"; info[48] = "Michael Jordan (1963) - Basketball player"; info[49] = "Enzo Ferrari (1898) - Sports car builder"; info[50] = "Prince Andrew (1960) - Queens 3rd child"; info[51] = "Sidney Poitier (1927) - First black Oscar win"; info[52] = "Jilly Cooper (1937) - Author"; info[53] = "George Washington (1732) - 1st US President"; info[54] = "Linda Nolan (1959) - Singer" info[55] = "Steven Jobs (1955) - Software pioneer"; info[56] = "George Harrison (1943) - Ex-Beatle guitarist"; info[57] = "William F Cody (1846) - Buffalo Bill"; info[58] = "Elizabeth Taylor (1932) - Actress Oscar winner"; info[59] = "Barry McGuigan (1961) - Featherweight boxer"; info[60] = "Gioacchino Rossini (1792) - William Tell Overture"; info[61] = "Glen Miller (1904) - Bandleader"; info[62] = "Mikhail Gorbachev (1931) - Soviet President"; info[63] = "Alexander G Bell (1847) - Inventor of telephone"; info[64] = "Patrick Moore (1923) - Astronomer"; info[65] = "William Oughtred (1574) - Inventor of the slide rule"; info[66] = "Valentine Tereshkova (1937) - First woman in space"; info[67] = "Armstrong Jones (1930) - Lord Snowdon (photographer)"; info[68] = "Karl Von Grafe (1787) - Plastic surgery pioneer"; info[69] = "Yuri Gagarin (1934) - First man in space"; info[70] = "Chuck Norris (1942) - Karate film actor"; info[71] = "Sir Harold Wilson (1916) - 46th UK Prime Min"; info[72] = "Liza Minnelli (1946) - Actress"; info[73] = "Joseph Priestley (1733) - Discoverer of oxygen gas"; info[74] = "Albert Einstein (1879) - Theory of relativity"; info[75] = "Andrew Jackson (1767) - 7th US President"; info[76] = "George Ohm (1787) - Measure of electricity"; info[77] = "Gottlieb Daimler (1834) - Inventor of the combustion engine"; info[78] = "Neville Chamberlain (1869) - 40th UK Prime Min"; info[79] = "David Livingstone (1813) - Explorer"; info[80] = "Mr. Rodgers (1928) - Children's entertainer"; info[81] = "Johann Sebastian Bach (1685) - Composer"; info[82] = "Andrew Lloyd Webber (1948) - British songwriter"; info[83] = "Sir Roger Bannister (1948) - First runner to break the four-minute mile"; info[84] = "Steve McQueen (1930) - Actor"; info[85] = "Reginald K Dwight (1947) - Singer Elton John"; info[86] = "Diana Ross (1944) - Singer"; info[87] = "Henry Royce (1863) - Co founder of Rolls-Royce"; info[88] = "Neil Kinnock (1942) - Former Labour leader"; info[89] = "John Major (1947) - 50th UK Prime Min"; info[90] = "Vincent Van Gogh (1854) - Dutch painter"; info[91] = "Gordie Howe (1928) - Hockey player"; info[92] = "William Harvey (1578) - Discoverer of blood circulation"; info[93] = "Hans Chris Andersen (1805) - The Ugly Duckling"; info[94] = "Doris Kappelhoff (1924) - Doris Day (actress)"; info[95] = "Maya Angelou (1928) - Poet"; info[96] = "Lord Joseph Lister (1827) - Introduced antiseptic"; info[97] = "Harry Houdini (1874) - Escape artist"; info[98] = "William Wordsworth (1843) - Poet"; info[99] = "Julian Lennon (1963) - Singer"; info[100] = "Isambard Brunel (1806) - Engineer of the Thames tunnel"; info[101] = "Michel Shalhouz (1932) - Actor Omar Sharif "; info[102] = "Joel Grey (1932) - Actor"; info[103] = "Tom Clancy (1947) - Author"; info[104] = "Garry Kasparov (1963) - British chess champ"; info[105] = "Rod Steiger (1925) - Acotr"; info[106] = "Leonardo da Vinci (1452) - Genius"; info[107] = "Charlie S Chaplin (1889) - Silent comedy actor"; info[108] = "Nikita Krushchev (1894) - Soviet leader"; info[109] = "Hayley Mills (1946) - Child star actress"; info[110] = "Dudley Moore (1935) - Actor 'Arthur' and '10'"; info[111] = "Adolf Hitler (1889) - German leader"; info[112] = "Queen Elizabeth II (1926) - Head of British Commonwealth"; info[113] = "Jack Nicholson (1938) - Actor"; info[114] = "William Shakespeare (1564) - Playwright and Poet"; info[115] = "Barbra Streisand (1942) - Singer"; info[116] = "Ella Fitzgerald (1918) - Singer"; info[117] = "Jet Li (1963) - Actor"; info[118] = "Samuel Morse (1791) - Inventor of Morse Code"; info[119] = "Saddam Hussein (1937) - Deposed Iraq President"; info[120] = "Hirohito (1901) - Emperor of Japan"; info[121] = "Kath Smith (1909) - Singer"; info[122] = "Duke of Wellington (1769) - 23rd UK Prime Min"; info[123] = "Harry (Bing) Crosby (1904) - Singer/Actor"; info[124] = "Arnold G Dorsey (1936) - Engelbert Humperdink"; info[125] = "Michael Barrymore (1952) - Entertainer"; info[126] = "Tammy Wynette (1942) - Singer"; info[127] = "Sigmund Freud (1856) - Psychoanalysis"; info[128] = "Johannes Brahms (1833) - German composer"; info[129] = "Harry S Truman (1884) - 33rd US President"; info[130] = "Glenda Jackson (1936) - Actress"; info[131] = "Fred Astaire (1899) - Actor and tap-dancer"; info[132] = "Phil Silvers (1912) - Actor"; info[133] = "Florence Nightingale (1820) - Crimean war nurse"; info[134] = "Stevie Wonder (1950) - Singer"; info[135] = "Thomas Gainborough (1727) - Landscape painter"; info[136] = "James Mason (1909) - Actor"; info[137] = "Henry Fonda (1905) - Actor"; info[138] = "Grace Jones (1955) - Singer"; info[139] = "Karol Wojtyla (1920) - Pope John Paul II"; info[140] = "Pete Townshend (1945) - Singer"; info[141] = "James M Stewart (1908) - Comedy actor"; info[142] = "Leo Sayer (1948) - Singer"; info[143] = "Laurence Olivier (1907) - Actor"; info[144] = "Joan Collins (1933) - Film & TV actress"; info[145] = "Queen Victoria (1819) - Longest reigning Queen"; info[146] = "Miles Davis (1926) - Musician"; info[147] = "Marion Morrison (1907) - Actor John Wayne"; info[148] = "Vincent Price (1911) - Horror movie actor"; info[149] = "Ian Fleming (1908) - Author"; info[150] = "John F Kennedy (1917) - 35th US President"; info[151] = "Peter the Great (1672) - Emperor of Russia"; info[152] = "Clint Eastwood (1930) - Actor"; info[153] = "Norma Jean Baker (1926) - Marilyn Monroe"; info[154] = "Johnny Weissmuller (1903) - Actor"; info[155] = "King George V (1865) - 2nd son of Edward VII"; info[156] = "Christopher Cockerel (1910) - Inventor of the hovercraft"; info[157] = "John Couch Adams (1819) - British Astronomer"; info[158] = "Robert Falcon Scott (1868) - 1st Brit to South Pole"; info[159] = "Tom Jones (1940) - Singer"; info[160] = "Nancy Sinatra (1940) - Singer"; info[161] = "George Stephenson (1781) - Inventor of the first steam locomotive"; info[162] = "Judy Garland (1922) - Singer"; info[163] = "Vince Lombardi (1913) - Coach of the Green Bay Packers"; info[164] = "George Herbert Bush (1924) - 41st US President"; info[165] = "Tim Allen (1953) - Actor"; info[166] = "Boy George (1961) - Singer "; info[167] = "Mario Cuomo (1932) - Former governor of New York"; info[168] = "Stan Laurel (1890) - Laurel & Hardy duo"; info[169] = "Barry Manilow (1946) - Singer"; info[170] = "Paul McCartney (1942) - Singer"; info[171] = "Blaise Pascal (1623) - French mathematician"; info[172] = "Errol Flynn (1909) - Action-adventure film"; info[173] = "Prince William (1982) - Prince & Princess Wales son"; info[174] = "Meryl Streep (1949) - Actress"; info[175] = "Charles R Darwin (1809) - Theory of evolution"; info[176] = "Jack Dempsey (1895) - Heavyweight boxing"; info[177] = "Eric Arthur Blair (1903) - George Orwell"; info[178] = "William T Kelvin (1827) - Inventor of the absolute temperature scale"; info[179] = "Helen Keller (1880) - Author"; info[180] = "Mel Brooks (1926) - Writer/Actor"; info[181] = "Nelson Eddy (1901) - Singer"; info[182] = "Mike Tyson (1966) - Boxer"; info[183] = "Dianna Spencer (1961) - Princess Diane"; info[184] = "Richard Petty (1937) - Racecar driver"; info[185] = "Tom Cruise (1962) - Actor"; info[186] = "Calvin Coolidge (1872) - American president"; info[187] = "Bjorn Borg (1980) - Wimbledon tennis champion"; info[188] = "Bill Haley (1925) - Singer"; info[189] = "Richard Starkey (1940) - Ringo Starr"; info[190] = "Ringo Starr (1940) - Ex-Beatle drummer"; info[191] = "Sir Edward Heath (1916) - 47th UK Prime Min"; info[192] = "Idiot's Guide to Leadership, by Andrew J. DuBrin"; info[193] = "Communicating Effectively, by Marty Brounstein"; info[194] = "Idiot's Guide to Managing Your Time, by Jeff Davidson, MBA, CMC"; info[195] = "Customer Service for Dummies, by Keith Bailey"; info[196] = "Stress Management for Dummies, by allen Elkin, Ph.D."; info[197] = "FitKids, by Mary L. Gavin, M.D."; info[198] = "Communicating Effectively for dummies, by Marty Brounstein"; info[199] = "Family Health Guide, by Dr. Miriam Stoppard"; info[200] = "Managing Your Time, by Jeff Davidson, MBA, CMC"; info[201] = "The Bottom Line book of Total health and Wellness, by the Editors of Bottom Line"; info[202] = "Customer Service for Dummies"; info[203] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[204] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[205] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[206] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[207] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[208] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[209] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[210] = "Visit the Employee Training Library"; info[211] = "Peter Jennings (1938) - Journalist"; info[212] = "Emily Bronte (1818) - Wuthering Heights"; info[213] = "J. K. Rowling (1965) - Author"; info[214] = "Herman Melville (1819) - Author"; info[215] = "Peter O'Toole (1932) - Lawrence of Arabia"; info[216] = "Stanly Baldwin (1868) - 38th UK Prime Min"; info[217] = "Queen Elizabeth (1900) - King George 6th wife"; info[218] = "Neil Armstrong (1930) - First man on the Moon"; info[219] = "Andy Warhol (1928) - Artist"; info[220] = "Mata Hari (1876) - Spy for the Germans"; info[221] = "Dustin Hoffman (1937) - Actor"; info[222] = "Thomas Telford (1757) - Road & bridge Engineer"; info[223] = "Herbert Clark Hoover (1874) - 31st US President"; info[224] = "Enid Blyton (1897) - Author"; info[225] = "King George 4th (1762) - King of England"; info[226] = "John Logie Baird (1888) - Inventor of television"; info[227] = "John Galsworthy (1867) - Author"; info[228] = "Napoleon Bonaparte (1769) - French leader"; info[229] = "Madonna (1959) - Singer"; info[230] = "May West (1892) - Actress"; info[231] = "Robert Redford (1937) - Actor"; info[232] = "Orville Wright (1871) - Inventor of the first airplane"; info[233] = "Jim Reeves (1924) - Singer"; info[234] = "William Murdock (1754) - Inventor of coal-gas lighting in 1792"; info[235] = "Ray Bradbury (1920) - Author"; info[236] = "Gene Kelly (1912) - Actor/Dancer"; info[237] = "Craig Kilborn (1962) - Actor"; info[238] = "Sean Connery (1930) - Actor"; info[239] = "Robert Walpole (1676) - 1st UK Prime Minister"; info[240] = "Sam Goldwyn (1910) - Film producer"; info[241] = "David Soul (1828) - Actor"; info[242] = "Michael Jackson (1958) - Singer"; info[243] = "Denis Healey (1917) - Politician"; info[244] = "Sir Bernard Lovell (1928) - Inventor of the radio telescope"; info[245] = "Rocky Marciano (1923) - Heavyweight boxer"; info[246] = "Salma Hayek (1968) - Actress"; info[247] = "Alan Ladd (1913) - Actor"; info[248] = "Tom Watson (1949) - Golfer"; info[249] = "Raquel Welch (1940) - Actress"; info[250] = "Britt Ekland (1942) - Actress"; info[251] = "Queen Elizabeth I (1533) - Queen of England"; info[252] = "King Richard I (1157) - Richard the Lion Heart"; info[253] = "William Bligh (1754) - Mutiny on the Bounty"; info[254] = "Arnold Palmer (1929) - US golfing champion"; info[255] = "O. Henry (1862) - Author"; info[256] = "Richard Gatling (1818) - Inventor of the Gatling Gun"; info[257] = "Claudette Colbert (1905) - Actress"; info[258] = "Jack Hawkins (1910) - British film actor"; info[259] = "Agatha Christie (1891) - Detective storywriter"; info[260] = "B. B. King (1925) - Musician"; info[261] = "John Ritter (1948) - Actor"; info[262] = "Samuel Johnson (1709) - 18th century writer"; info[263] = "George Cadbury (1839) - Chocolate manufacturer"; info[264] = "Sophia Loren (1934) - Italian film actress"; info[265] = "H G Wells (1866) - Science fiction novelist"; info[266] = "Michael Faraday (1791) - Inventor of the electric generator 1831"; info[267] = "Julio Iglesias (1943) - Singer"; info[268] = "Anthony Newley (1931) - Actor"; info[269] = "Meat Loaf (1947) - Singer"; info[270] = "George Gershwin (1898) - Composer"; info[271] = "Mike Schmidt (1949) - Baseball player"; info[272] = "Lech Walesa (1943) - Founder of Solidarity"; info[273] = "Horatio Nelson (1758) - Commander"; info[274] = "Johnny Mathis (1935) - Singer"; info[275] = "Jimmy Carter (1924) - 39th American President"; info[276] = "Mahatma K Gandhi (1869) - Hindu spiritual leader"; info[277] = "Chubby Checker (1941) - Singer"; info[278] = "Buster Keaton (1895) - Silent film comedy actor"; info[279] = "Donnald Pleasence (1919) - Actor"; info[280] = "George Westinghouse (1846) - Inventor of the railway air brake"; info[281] = "Yo-Yo Ma (1955) - Musician"; info[282] = "R. L. Stine (1943) - Author"; info[283] = "John Lennon (1940) - Beatles song writer"; info[284] = "William Morris (1877) - Motoring pioneer"; info[285] = "Henry J Heins (1844) - Food products manufacturer"; info[286] = "Ramsay MacDonald (1866) - 39th British Prime Minister"; info[287] = "Margaret H Thatcher (1925) - First woman Prime Minister"; info[288] = "Dwight Eisenhower (1890) - 34th American President"; info[289] = "John L Sullivan (1858) - World heavyweight boxing champion"; info[290] = "Noah Webster (1758) - American Webster dictionary"; info[291] = "Evel Knievel (1938) - Motorcycle Stuntman"; info[292] = "Lee Harvey Oswald (1939) - Shot President Kennedy"; info[293] = "Evander Holyfield (1962) - Heavyweight boxer"; info[294] = "Christopher Wren (1632) - Architect of St Pauls Cathedral"; info[295] = "Alfred Nobel (1833) - Inventor of dynamite in 1867"; info[296] = "Franz Liszt (1811) - Hungarian composer"; info[297] = "Pele (1940) - Brazilian footballer"; info[298] = "Moss Hart (1904) - Playwright"; info[299] = "Pablo Picasso (1881) - Spanish painter"; info[300] = "Francois Mitterrand (1916) - President of France"; info[301] = "Captain James Cook (1728) - Pacific Ocean explorer"; info[302] = "Cleo Laine (1927) - Singer"; info[303] = "Edmund Halley (1656) - Halley's Comet astronomer"; info[304] = "John Adams (1735) - 2nd American President 1797"; info[305] = "Dan Rather (1931) - Newsreader"; info[306] = "Gary Player (1935) - Golfer"; info[307] = "Burt Lancaster (1913) - Actor"; info[308] = "Lulu (1948) - Singer"; info[309] = "William III (1650) - King of England"; info[310] = "Art Garfunkel (1941) - Singer"; info[311] = "Adolphe Sax (1854) - Inventor of the Saxophone"; info[312] = "Joni Mitchell (1943) - Singer"; info[313] = "Christian Barnard (1922) - Heart transplant pioneer"; info[314] = "Katherine Hepburn (1909) - Actress"; info[315] = "Tim Rice (1944) - Actor"; info[316] = "Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. (1922) - Author"; info[317] = "Grace Patricia Kelly (1929) - Princess Grace of Monaco"; info[318] = "Charles Bronson (1922) - Actor"; info[319] = "Prince Charles (1948) - Charles Philip Arthur George"; info[320] = "William Herschel (1738) - Discovered planet Uranus 1781"; info[321] = "Frank Bruno (1961) - Boxer and TV personality"; info[322] = "Viscount Montgomery (1887) - World War II commander"; info[323] = "Alan Shephard (1923) - First American man in space"; info[324] = "Indira Gandhi (1917) - Prime Minister of India"; info[325] = "Bobby Locke (1917) - South African golf champion"; info[326] = "Harpo Marx (1888) - Marx brother"; info[327] = "Charles de Gaulle (1890) - President of France"; info[328] = "Boris Karloff (1887) - Horror film actor"; info[329] = "Ian Botham (1955) - England all-round cricketer"; info[330] = "Karl Benz (1844) - German motor car pioneer"; info[331] = "William Cowper (1731) - English poet"; info[332] = "Jimi Hendrix (1942) - Musician"; info[333] = "Friedrich Engels (1820) - Associate of Karl Marx"; info[334] = "C. S. Lewis (1898) - Author"; info[335] = "Winston Churchill (1874) - Prime Minister"; info[336] = "Madame Marie Tussaud (1761) - Founder of waxworks museum"; info[337] = "Georges Seurat (1859) - Painter"; info[338] = "Jeff Bridges (1949) - Actor"; info[339] = "General Franco (1892) - Spanish Head of State"; info[340] = "Walter Elias Disney (1901) - Cartoon film producer"; info[341] = "Henry VI (1421) - Henry V only child"; info[342] = "Victor Kiam (1926) - Business tycoon"; info[343] = "Mary Queen of Scots (1542) - Queen Elizabeth I cousin"; info[344] = "Clarence Birdseye (1886) - Frozen food pioneer"; info[345] = "John Dewey (1851) - Library system classification"; info[346] = "Ludwig Van Beethoven (1770) - Composer"; info[347] = "Frank Sinatra (1915) - Singer"; info[348] = "Jim Davidson (1954) - Comedian"; info[349] = "Michel de Nostredame (1503)"; info[350] = "Alexandre G Eiffel (1832) - Designer of the Eiffel Tower"; info[351] = "Catherine of Aragon (1485) - The first wife of Henry VIII"; info[352] = "Tommy Steele (1936) - Singer"; info[353] = "Cassius Clay (1942) - Heavyweight boxing champion"; info[354] = "Leonid Brezhnev (1906) - Soviet President 1977-1982"; info[355] = "Uri Geller (1946) - Psychic"; info[356] = "Jane Fonda (1937) - Actress"; info[357] = "Maurice & Robin Gibb (1949) - Singers"; info[358] = "Richard Arkwright (1732) - Inventor of cotton spinning"; info[359] = "Ava Gardner (1922) - American film actress"; info[360] = "Sir Isaac Newton (1642) - Scientist & mathematician"; info[361] = "Mao Tse-Tung (1893) - Leader of Chinese Communist Party"; info[362] = "Louis Pasteur (1822) - Bacteriologist & chemist"; info[363] = "Woodrow Wilson (1856) - 28th American President 1913"; info[364] = "Jude Law (1972) - Actor"; info[365] = "Rudyard Kipling (1865) - Author"; info[366] = "Bonnie Prince Charlie (1720) - Attempted to seize England"; function showDate() { thisDate = new Date(); var thisWDay=thisDate.getDay(); var thisDay=thisDate.getDate(); var thisMonth=thisDate.getMonth(); var thisYear=thisDate.getFullYear(); var mName = new Array("January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October","November", "December"); var wdName = new Array("Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"); return wdName[thisWDay]+", "+mName[thisMonth]+" "+thisDay+", "+thisYear; } function dayNumber() { thisDate = new Date(); var leapYearDate = thisDate.setFullYear(2004); var baseDate = new Date("January 1, 2004"); days = Math.floor((leapYearDate - baseDate)/(1000*60*60*24)+1); return days; } function showinfoDay(day) { return info[day]; } /* these would have been in the page head tags */ var today = showDate(); var whichday = dayNumber(); var daily = showinfoDay(whichday); /* end of head tag variables */